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How To Talk About Present

Live in the present tense, facing the duty at hand without regret for the past or worry over the future.

There seems to be a consensus 1._ non-native speakers of English all over the world: they all 2._ the same mistakes. We are not an 3.__. In most languages only one tense is used to talk about the present. On the other hand, English offers more options: I’m working for an American company. I work for an American company. I’ve been working for an American company for 3 years now.

When translated into Croatian these three sentences 4._ the same: Radim za jednu američku kompaniju! So why three different tenses? You might say it is not important since people will understand you anyway. However, the choice of a tense does 5._ a difference.

Let us consider the following situation: While driving with a colleague in an unfamiliar part of the town and 6._ a quick decision about which road to take, I asked him: ‘Vozi li tu tramvaj?’ His 7._ was: ‘Vozi.’ As a driver I made 8._ there was no tram coming in our direction so I said: ‘I meant Present Continuous drive.’ Trams drive here means they 9._, often or (for impatient people) rarely pass here. But in our case A tram isn’t driving here at this 9.__ moment so it is safe for me to turn into that direction.

The example I’m working for an American company 10._ that this is a 11._ position for you, and that you are, for example, currently or around now looking for a better job. The strange consensus we mentioned earlier is that non-native speakers use: I’m working for an American company, We are providing financial services… when talking about 12.__ situations such as their job description or simply giving facts. It is important to understand that I’m working might be said by a person doing his/her colleague’s job for a limited period of time: I’m dealing with my colleague’s clients while he is absent.

Since there are more situations in our lives which we see as permanent and which are a part of our 13._ we could say that, when talking about present, we use Present Simple for an 14._ of 50% of the time. Activities that are happening over a limited period of time or at the moment are less 15._ and that is why Present Continuous 16._ for 30% per cent of the use. It seems that non-native speakers do just the opposite!

What about the 17._ 20 per cent and the sentence I’ve been working for an American company for three years now? In this case one sentence combines 2 pieces of information: I work for an American company now, plus I started working three years ago. This combination of present and past is expressed with the tenses 18._ called Present Perfect Continuous.

| Present Simple | habits and routines | Ivan usually has meetings in the morning. I travel a lot. |

|—————-|———————|———————————————————-|

| | permanent facts | This machine prints all types of documents. |

| Present Continuous | situation in progress at the moment or around now | My boss can’t see you right now. He’s talking to the President. I’m reading a book about motivation. |

| | temporary situation | This machine isn’t working. It’s broken. |

| Present Perfect Continuous | activity that started in the past and is still going on | We’ve been discussing terms and conditions for 2 hours. I hope we’ll finish on time. |

Exercise 1 Decide whether these situations are permanent, temporary or connected with the past. Put the verbs into the Present Simple, Present Continuous or Present Perfect Continuous. 1. Because of the high cost of sterling, exports 19._ (NOT/DO) very well. 2. The stock market can be risky because the price of shares 20._ (VARY) according to economic conditions. 3. We 21._ (DEAL) with a serious crisis right now. 4. He came to our country twelve years ago and he 22._ (WORK) for us for more than five years. 5. I 23._ (NOT/SEND) out any orders this week because we 24._ (WAIT) for the new price lists.

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