Fraza jedinice

Do and make are two of the most 1._ verbs in English and also often commonly confused by non-native speakers. Firstly, it is because they both have the same meaning in Croatian: činiti or raditi. Secondly, there are numerous fixed expressions with make or do. Some of them are easily translated into Croatian and don’t present problems to non-native speakers, for example 2._ plans (praviti planove) or 3._ a favour (učiniti uslugu). Others are less obvious, for instance 4._ homework (napisati domaću zadaću) or 5.__ money (zaraditi novac) and these are best learnt by heart. Here are some useful tips for correctly using do and make in various situations.

Do We use do when we talk about doing things in general. So, we say: “Let’s do something tonight” or “There is nothing to do around here”. We also use it to talk about our daily tasks or chores, for example: “I have to do some housework” or “I need to do my English homework”. It is also typically used with housework activities such as 6. do the ironing (izglačati rublje) and do the dishes (oprati sudje). Finally, we use do for activities that end in –ing: “I need to do some reading before the exam”, “I’m going to do some gardening this afternoon.” Or “The fridge is empty. We need to do some shopping”.

Make Make is slightly less general, and is normally used for an activity that results in something tangible. So, you make food/ breakfast/ a cup of coffee/ a mess/ the bed/ a dress. But you can also use it if you want to write or create something. In this case you will say: “My lawyer told me to make a will” or “I made a list of all the things we may need”. But most often make means to perform: make a phone call/ a decision/ a mistake/ a speech/ progress/ a suggestion. Our lives would be easier if we could just learn these rules and apply them in every situation, but English offers us a 6.__ of fixed expressions and collocations made up of words which go together for no apparent reason. Here are some of the more common ones:

| DO | MAKE |

|—|—|

| good/harm | friends |

| your best | speech |

| business with somebody | a profit |

| your hair | a decision |

| your duty | phone call |

| your homework | an excuse |

| the ironing | an effort/attempt |

| the dishes | an exception |

| the shopping | a mistake |

| a favor | money |

GLOSSARY

| common | čest, uobičajen |

|—|—|

| tangible | opipljiv |

| to do the housework | obavljati kućanske poslove |

| to do one’s hair | napraviti frizuru |

| to do business with somebody | poslovati s nekim |

| a myriad | veliko mnoštvo |

PHRASE OF THE UNIT

MAKE DO WITH something – accept something less satisfactory because there is no other alternative. There is not enough money in the budget for buying new company cars, so I think we will have to make do with the ones we have.

Exercise 1: Fill in the gaps with DO or MAKE.

1. She wanted to win but she didn’t ______ her best.

2. Come before work and I’ll ______ us breakfast.

3. This time we will have to ______ an exception.

4. I have to ______ some ironing before the children come home.

5. It is always a pleasure to ______ business with you.

6. I will ______ the dishes after dinner.

7. We are going to ______ a few phone calls.

Exercise 2: Fill in the gaps with either make or do (in the appropriate tense).

1. We ______ a decision yesterday.

2. He didn’t ______ his best so he felt sad.

3. She was late so she didn’t ______ breakfast for them.

4. He ______ his assignment, but forgot to submit it.

5. I think you need to ______ your duty.

6. Did he ______ it for the doctor’s appointment?

7. It was my pleasure ______ business with you.

Exercise 3: Translate the following sentences. Each sentence has to have either make or do in the translation.

1. Do kraja dana moram donijeti ispravnu odluku.

2. Dala sam najbolje od sebe ali, na žalost, nisam uspjela.

3. Najbolje bi bilo da napravimo neke promjene.